The principles and foundations needed to interpret the Qur'an
A person who interprets the Qur'an must be knowledgeable and proficient in all the principles and foundations of the science of interpretation.
Introduction
A person who interprets the Qur'an must be knowledgeable and proficient in all the principles and foundations of the science of interpretation. Most likely, you are familiar with this topic and have accepted that obtaining any scientific degree requires the study of related sciences. Therefore, achieving the degree of Qur'an interpreter, like other fields of human knowledge, requires the acquisition of sufficient skills and experience in one's own sciences.
The science of interpretation in the Qur'an
The sciences needed to interpret the verses of the Qur'an
In order to achieve the rank and position of the Qur'an commentator, a religious scholar must have a complete mastery of literary sciences, hadith sciences and jurisprudence sciences and also possess gifted sciences. In the following, we will examine the aforementioned sciences and their role in understanding and interpreting the verses of the Qur'an.
Literary sciences in interpretation
Literary science includes knowledge of words, usage and syntax of sentences and knowledge of old and obsolete. The Holy Quran, as the most complete divine book revealed for the guidance of man, has a very high and extraordinary coherence, and the placement of words and sentences next to each other throughout the Qur'an is not accidental in any way. Therefore, the interpreter, with his knowledge and complete knowledge of literary sciences, knows the structure of words and identifies their meanings in combination with other words. This makes the commentator able to discover and express the deep meanings and valuable points in the verses of the Holy Quran according to the current situation, intellectual conditions and intellectual capacity of the general audience.
Science of Hadith
The interpreter's awareness of hadith sciences is a prelude to being able to gain a deep understanding of the verses. It can be claimed that the science of interpretation is closely related to the science of traditions and hadith. Considering the existence of some fake narrations expressed from the words of the Prophet (PBUH) and imams (PBUH), it is of particular importance to acquire skills in distinguishing them. The commentator must have the ability to create a connection between the hadiths and the verses. Because it is easier to understand the meanings of some verses by using authentic narrations.
Al-Mizan commentary books
jurisprudence and theology
Due to the fact that a significant part of the verses of the Qur'an are made up of religious rules and principles, the knowledge of these sciences is of particular importance to the commentator in order to express them correctly.
The gifted sciences of the commentator
Gifted sciences are actually intuitive sciences that are different from other sciences in some aspects. The interpreter acquires this knowledge by following the divine commands. God grants this knowledge to pure people.
A look at the book of Tafsir al-Mizan from the aspect of the principles and bases used in it
The collection of Tafsir al-Mizan books was written and collected by the late and free-thinking scientist, a high-ranking thinker in the history of Islam, Allameh Tabatabai. Allameh Tabatabai has been educated in literary sciences and Arabic literature since his childhood. After years of practice and austerity, Allameh mastered many jurisprudential sciences and hadiths and was able to achieve the rank of commentator and commentator of the Holy Quran. The book of Tafsir al-Mizan is considered to be the most reliable source of interpretation for Muslims and the reference of Sunnis and Shiites throughout the history of Islam. Parnian Andish Publications website has prepared and offered these books in the form of electronic books with a new edition and a different print, and along with the audio book as well as the physical printed version of the work, it has been presented to those who are interested and thirsty for knowledge. E-books offered in the online store of Parnian Andish publishing website can be easily used on all kinds of electronic devices, including mobile phones, laptops, personal computers, e-readers and tablets. The ease of access to these types of books is considered one of its biggest features, which in the new world, opens new windows of science and knowledge to researchers and people who study.
Allameh Seyyed Mohammad Hossein Qazi Tabatabai Tabrizi (born in Tabriz 1281 - died on November 24, 1360 Qom) known as Allameh Tabatabai, a famous cleric, a great philosopher and a hard-working and deep-thinking Iranian writer, one of the great Shia taqlid authorities and one of the famous teachers of the seminary. It was considered Qom. His childhood and adolescence were spent in Tabriz. He lost his mother at the age of five and his father at the age of nine. His father's executor sent him and his only brother Mohammad Hassan Elahi Tabatabai to school. He studied the Qur'an and Persian literary books in elementary school, then studied religious sciences.
In addition to learning literature, he learned calligraphy techniques under the supervision of calligrapher Mirza Alinqi. Elementary education could not respond to his rich taste and abundant interest, so he went to Talebiyah School in Tabriz and studied Arabic literature, translation sciences, jurisprudence and principles and studied various fields of Islamic knowledge. He himself remembers his studies as follows: "At the beginning of my studies, when I was only employed, I was not very interested in continuing my studies, and therefore I did not understand everything I was studying, and I spent four years like this. After that, God's providence suddenly surrounded me, changed me, and I felt a kind of fascination and impatience towards studying for perfection. So that from that day until the end of my studies, which lasted for almost seventeen years, I never felt tired or discouraged about education and thinking, and I forgot the ugly and beautiful of the world and considered the bitter and sweet events as equal. I completely dismantled non-academic society. In terms of food, sleep and other necessities of life, I was satisfied with the minimum necessary and studied the rest. It used to be a lot, especially in the spring and summer, when I spent the night studying until the sunrise, and I always studied tomorrow's lesson the night before, and if there was a problem, I would solve it with every suicide, and when I attended the lesson From what the teacher said, I was already clear and I never brought the problems and mistakes of the lesson to the teacher."
He also went to Najaf with his brother and studied religious sciences in Najaf for ten years. During this period, he learned mathematics from Seyyed Abulqasem Mousavi Khansari, the grandson of Seyyed Abulqasem Khansari, and learned jurisprudence and principles from professors such as Mohammad Hossein Naini and Mohammad Hossein Gharavi Isfahani. His teacher in philosophy was Hakim Mutala, Seyyed Hossein Badkobei. He also studied theology, interpretation of the Qur'an to the Qur'an, wisdom and philosophy, mysticism, ethics and hadith jurisprudence from Seyyed Ali Qazi Tabatabai. While he was studying in Najaf, he was forced to return to Iran due to the scarcity of livelihood and the lack of income from his agricultural property in Tabriz, and for ten years after that, he worked in agriculture in the Shadabad village of Tabriz. And agriculture has passed the time.
About this period of the fruitful life of this great master of religion and Islamic sciences, his son Seyyed Abdul Baqi Tabatabai says: "I remember well that my father was constantly busy throughout the year and his work in the cold season during the rain and Monsoon snows, while holding umbrellas or wearing skins, was considered normal.
Lack of ambiguity and exaggeration in the meanings of the verses and the origin of differences
Among all the verses of the Qur'an (which are more than several thousand verses), we do not find a single verse that is exaggerated and superstitious in its meaning, so that the reader's mind gets confused and confused in understanding its meaning, and how could it not be so and However, the Qur'an is the most eloquent Arabic language, and the most basic condition of eloquence is that it does not have any obfuscation or superstition, and even those verses that are considered to be similar to the Qur'an, such as the abrogated verses and the like, are very clear in their meaning. And it is clear and its similarity is due to the fact that we do not know what it means, not because the meaning of its appearance is unknown. Therefore, this difference is not found in the meaning of the words, but all of them are found in the difference in the example of the words, and each religion and profession have taken the words and sentences of the Qur'an to an example, which the other does not accept. From the imaginary and affirmative signification of the word, one thing is understood and the other is something else.
The reason for the material meanings of the words imposed on the mind
The explanation that human nature and habit (just as it has been said) causes the mind of a person to overtake its material meaning when hearing a word or a sentence, and before any other meaning, that material meaning or its adjuncts The mind comes, and we humans, from the place where our bodies and our physical powers, as long as we are in this material world, are immersed in matter, and it is all about matter, so for example, if the word life, and science, And when we hear power, hearing, sight, speech, will, satisfaction, anger, creation, order, and the like, the material meaning of these immediately comes to our mind, the same meaning that comes from We know these words in ourselves. And also when we hear the words heaven, and earth, and tablet, and pen, and throne, and seat, and angel, and angel's wings, and Satan, and his troops, from his infantry and cavalry, natural and material examples. It overtakes our mind, and enters our understanding before any other meaning.
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